Tattoo Removal by Laser
Laser (Light Amplification with Simulated Emission of Radiation) is a method of transmitting energy to structures within or just below the skin by means of a light beam which specifically targets a particular type of tissue. The light energy is absorbed by the target tissue and gets converted into heat giving rise to the desired result.
How is laser effective in removing tattoos?
Laser treatment is effective in treating both amateur and professional tattoos. Lasers transmit light energy of a particular wavelength through the skin which is absorbed by the particles of pigment beneath the skin. This energy causes the pigment particles to break into smaller pieces which can then be removed by the bodies of white blood cells. This results in lightening and ultimately significant fading of tattoos. Lasers are particularly effective with blue green tattoos and much less so with pigments which contain titanium as this is reflective and does not absorb light energy.
What does the treatment involve?
Laser tattoo removal is done as an outpatient procedure and does not require any specific preparation. The laser treatment is conducted in a special laser room. Eye protection is worn. The area is cooled with an icebag to minimise discomfort and is then treated with a laser of a particular frequency, which is only absorbed by the tattoo pigment and does not damage the surrounding skin. Patients commonly describe the sensation of being treated with a laser as being similar to an elastic band being flicked against the skin.
What is the normal postoperative course?
Some patients may experience minor irritation of the skin or may have minimal blisters or pinpoint bleeding at the site of laser treatment which is adequately treated by the use of a topical application such as aloe vera gel. This skin irritation subsides and the skin heals within a few days. A light dressing maybe applied for a few days and will need to be changed everyday.
What precautions should I take after laser treatment?
Extremes of temperature such as a very hot bath and shower or very cold water should be avoided, as this can be slightly uncomfortable. Patients are also instructed to avoid exposure to direct sunlight.
What can I realistically expect from laser treatment?
The first treatment is usually a test patch to see if the tattoo will respond well to the laser. If this treatment is successful than most patients require between three and six and sometimes up to ten treatment sessions to see a significant change. These changes brought about by a reduction in the size of the pigment particles, which are gradually absorbed and removed from the area.
Are there any complications from laser treatment?
Patients of Asian or Afro-Caribbean extraction may see long-standing changes in the pigmentation of the skin which has been treated. The skin may become permanently hypopigmented or hyperpigmented although this is unusual.